This study aims to examine the effects of different factors influencing on financial distress. The population of this study includes industrial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Samples were processed by choosing 69 companies for three years of information which leaves us to have 150 observations. The sampling technique uses purposive random sampling and data is analyzed using PLS. The results show that firm size and liquidity negatively affect the financial distress while leverage positively affects the financial distress. In addition, institutional ownership moderates liquidity towards financial distress, firm size negatively affects liquidity, and liquidity does not mediate the effect of firm size on financial distress. The conclusion of this research is that management teams can avoid financial distress if they are able to manage liquidity ratios and leverage well, both ratios must be maintained so that they would not exceed firms’ financial abilities. Companies with big amount of total assets have an advantage in competition since it is not overshadowed by the condition of financial distress and they can easily gain stakeholders’ confidence. Institutional ownership in this study seems to encourage management to take risks related to company liquidity to generate profits by utilizing long-term debt in financing its operations.

This study aims to examine the influence of credit risk and capital adequacy of a rural bank on financial distress, proxied by interest coverage ratio (ICR). Samples used in this research are 123 rural banks located in the Jakarta metropolitan area from 2013 to 2018. In this area, almost 70% of cash flow circulation in Indonesia was happening. The logistic regression model was employed to analyze the collected data. The findings show that both credit risk and capital adequacy had significant influences on financial distress, with positive and negative effects, respectively. Realizing the important role of credit risk and capital adequacy, this study makes some suggestions that rural banks should utilize both variables as a measure to monitor their financial performance.

Bankruptcy has been one of the most important issues among investors in stock market and there are literally different techniques for predicting bankruptcy. In this paper, we study on effects of cash flow patterns and auditors’ opinions in predicting financial distress on some 80 selected firms traded on Tehran Stock Exchange over the period 2005-2011. In this study, the combination of cash flow patterns represent firm’s resource allocations and operational capabilities interacted with their strategy choices. In additions, predictions about each individual cash flow components, operational, investment, financial, are derived from economic theory, which forms a basis for the life proxy. We use cash flow patterns in the decline stage and compare the results with auditors’ opinions. The results indicate that cash flow patterns could predict financial distress companies in Iran. In addition, the effective cash flow patterns in predicting financial distress is more than auditors’ feedbacks.

The present study is aimed at investigating the relationship between financial distress and investment efficiency of companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange (with emphasis on the role of ownership type). To calculate investment efficiency, the Richardson’s model (2006) [Richardson, S. (2006). Over-investment of free cash flow. Review of Accounting Studies, 11(2-3), 159-189.] was employed. The aim of the present study is applied and its method is correlational- ex post facto. Using the exclusion sampling method and by applying the conditions of selecting the sample, 94 companies were selected from 2008 to 2013. To test the research hypotheses, multiple regression was used. Findings of the research indicate that there was a correlation between financial distress and investment efficiency in companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange, and institutional ownership had positive effects on the relationship between financial distress and investment efficiency of companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange. Furthermore, management ownership had no effect on the relationship between financial distress and investment efficiency in companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange.