Implementing green HRM is expected to foster green innovation inside small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The promotion of a sustainable environment and the implementation of organizational procedures contribute to the advancement of green innovation and the cultivation of a culture of responsibility. The implementation of Green Human Resource Management (HRM) practices, the cultivation of eco-friendly behavior among employees, and the adoption of HRM strategies aimed at fostering a sustainable environment within the business. To the extent of our current understanding, previous research has not investigated the potential influence of green climate in enhancing the effects of Green HRM in environmentally friendly behaviors and the development of green innovations. The assessment of the collective impact of these variables on environmental performance within a comprehensive model has not been previously examined. Therefore, this study has added significance by assessing the mediating role of employees’ eco-friendly behavior between Green HRM practices and the organization’s environmental performance. This study has been conducted in the context of SMEs in Saudi Arabia by taking responses on a self-administered questionnaire from 371 respondents from SMEs in Saudi Arabia Selected through cluster sampling technique. Hence, the findings of this study affirm the significance of Green HRM and Green Innovation in driving environmental performance within SMEs in Saudi Arabia. The underpinning theory for the study model is the ability motivation and opportunity (AMO) model, which has been validated in the context of the present study. By taking these practical steps, SMEs in Saudi Arabia can proactively contribute to environmental sustainability while reaping the benefits of improved organizational performance. However, other cultural, demographic, and governmental factors need consideration in future research studies that should include these external factors for further implications.

This research aimed to 1) investigate the levels of green supply chain management practices (GSCMP), environmental performance (ENP), operational performance (OPP), and organizational performance (ORP) in the context of Thai herb producers; and 2) investigate the interactions between GSCMP, ENP, OPP, and ORP. Quantitative research methodologies were applied in the research. The sample for the quantitative study consisted of 340 Thai herb producers selected by stratified sampling by region. The instruments employed for research were questionnaires. Statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling were utilized for quantitative data analysis. Results indicated that GSCMP, ENP, OPP, and ORP levels were high. In addition, GSCMP had direct positive effects on ENP and OPP, as well as indirect positive effects on OPP and ORP, respectively, mediated via ENP and OPP. In addition, ENP had a favorable direct impact on OPP and a positive indirect impact on ORP, with OPP serving as a mediator. Herb producers might use these insights as a roadmap to enhance their organizational performance. In addition, government agencies may utilize the study's findings to establish a strategy for assisting entrepreneurs. In addition, academics and interested parties might bring the research findings to examine and perform more research.

The current study examines the change in environment performance through green human resource management in a developing country’s higher education institutes. The data were collected by survey using a reliable and valid instrument adopted from the literature. The unit of analysis in the current study is an individual consisting of employees working in higher educational institutions of Pakistan. Three hundred questionnaires were distributed while 220 questionnaires were found completely filled for statistical analysis. The current study utilizes the multiple regression techniques through structural equation modelling using second-generation software SmartPLSv3.0. The results indicate the positive influence of green human resource policies on environmental performance and provide significant insights on the partial mediating effect of employee eco-friendly behavior between green human resource management and environmental performance. The present study provides numerous theoretical and practical implications through the extension of Ability-Motivation-Opportunity theory by constituting the employee behaviors for the implementation of environmental strategies in the organization context. The findings of the present study suggest guidelines for human resource managers and management of educational institutes to implement green human resource policies that are likely to improve institutes environmental performance.

In developing countries, it still suffers from endless problems regarding wastewater treatment and the problem of choosing the appropriate treatment system due to lack of proper technology and weak economy. This study highlights the maturity oxidation pond (stabilization) of small communities as an effective, low-cost and simple post-treatment technique for treating wastewater before discharging into an aquatic ecosystem. The Rashid plant was cited as a treatment plant in the city of Rashid-ElBeheira Governorate - Egypt as a model plant for applying this technology in treatment of wastewater. This work also includes the studying of the relationship between climatic conditions, physicochemical parameters and biomass of microorganisms to evaluate the efficiency of its performance.

The production of ceramic creates scrap material that is often wasted. The aims of this study are to know the influence of size and material on scrap material and the role of accounting in managing the environment. The results show that product size and material used together have an effect on scrap material. Partial testing shows that only materials used have a positive and significant effect on the emergence of scrap materials. The accounting treatment is done by debiting Cash IDR 5,258,753.99 and crediting Work in Process-Raw Material Cost IDR 5,258,753.99. The cost of goods manufactured of ceramic products after accounting treatment for scrap material is lower than before. The selling price also decreased for the same product. The operating profit will increase IDR 5,013,038.64 (use original selling price) and decrease IDR 1,272,112.67 (use selling price after treatment for scrap material). The emergence of scrap material causes environmental problems. Environmental accounting overcomes this by removing scrap material from its place. The transfer is done by selling at a price of half the standard price. The proceeds from the sale are treated as a deduction from the cost of raw materials in an account in the Work in Process-Raw Materials Cost credit.

In this study, the impact of board nationality and educational diversity on corporate social responsibility is investigated, by applying a fixed-effect model, instrumental variable approach (IV-GMM), and dynamic panel model (GMM) estimator to account for endogeneity issues, on a sample of Australian listed firms over 10 years from 2010 to 2020. The study findings reveal a significant positive relationship between board nationality diversity and CSR performance and its-related subdimensions including environmental performance and social performance. Furthermore, we find that educational diversity is positively and significantly related to CSR performance and environmental performance, though not to social performance. The findings remained robust under the instrumental variable approach and dynamic panel model. Additional tests compare between two groups of firms—those from heavily and less regulated sectors—and find that the former group has more educated directors, but a similar level of nationality diversity is found among both sectors. Although diversity in terms of nationality and education is still modest at best, its effect on CSR performance and its related sub-dimensions is more pronounced within heavily regulated sectors only. This result contends that when board nationality diversity and educational diversity are properly incentivized (with regulating CSR activities, for instance), the board tends to improve the social and environmental activities of the firm.

Although prior studies draw upon natural resource-based views, environmental strategy permits competitive advantages, and as such, gains financial performance. However, empirical results are mixed. To shed light on this issue, this study proposes that environmental performance mediates the link between environmental strategy and financial performance. Data were collected from 175 third-party logistic providers currently operating in Vietnam to test the hypotheses. Partial least square structural equation modeling was borrowed to test the data. The results reveal environmental performance partially mediates the link between environmental strategy and financial performance. By considering the mediating effect, this study contributes to the literature by addressing the intervening mechanism of environmental performance on the inconclusive relationship between environmental strategy and financial performance. Besides, this study also extends prior studies by borrowing a concept of environmental strategy, which captures the extent of organizations pursuing this strategy, to explain how and why pursuing this strategy permits environmental and financial performance.

The literature addresses the link between command and control environmental regulation and environmental performance. However, there is a lack of attention paid to how environmental strategy plays a mediating role in this relationship. In addition, the environmental research in the context of third-party logistics service providers seems to be underexplored. Thus, through the theoretical lens of institutional theory and contingency theory, this study examines the mediating role of environmental strategy on the relationship command and control environmental regulation and environmental performance. Data were collected from small and medium enterprises operating in the logistics industry of Vietnam and partial least square structural equation modeling was employed to examine the proposed hypotheses. The result indicates the full mediating effects of environmental strategy on the link between command and control environmental regulation and environmental performance. In this regard, this study contributes to growing empirical evidence showing that the link between environmental regulation and environmental performance is indirect through mediators. Besides, this study also extends the current knowledge of environmental strategy pursued by third-party logistics providers.

Environmental problems are always a burning problem all over the world. In recent years, the understanding of the impact of green supply chain integration (GCSI) on the performance of enterprises in all aspects has developed rapidly, and they are particularly interested in the environmental performance of enterprises. me. Therefore, this study wishes to clarify the impacts of GCSI on the environmental performance (EP) of Vietnam's agricultural sector, specifically rice, coffee and rubber producers in Vietnam through five mediate variables include investment cycle, green process innovation, green product innovation, green purchasing and green cooperation with customers. Using the PLS - SEM method, the study analyzed and evaluated based on survey data collected from 863 enterprises including rice, coffee and rubber producers in Vietnam. Research shows that GSCI can help companies increase their environmental performance to match the trend of the times and international integration through the five mediate variables mentioned above. In addition, multi-group analysis shows that there are differences in the impact of mediating factors on the environmental performance of enterprises. Finally, the moderate analysis shows that both firm size and the proportion of exported products play a role in moderating the impact of GSCI on EP.

This study examined the relationship between green supply chain management (GSCM) on the environment and green economic performance with the moderator prediction context, which is a very fundamental approach for developing stronger theories. The writers chose green technology as a unique moderator in the context of GSCM practices and performance. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of moderating effects of green technology in investigating the relationship between green supply chain management (GSCM) practices and firm performance (environmental and green economic performance). By employing survey methodology using a purposive sampling technique, the data collected from 96 respondents in various manufacturing firms. The hypotheses were tested through SEM-PLS using SmartPLS. The further results show that the results of hypothesis testing indicate that GSCM practices (GSCM) have a positive and significant effect on environmental performance (EP) and green economic performance (GEP). The study also found that the role of green technology as a moderating variable can strengthen the positive relationship between GSCM Practices and environmental performance. While the moderation effect of Green technology (GT) can weaken the positive relationship between GSCM Practices and green economic performance (GEP).