The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between green human resource management (HRM) practices, including Green recruitment and selection, Green training and development, and Green rewards, and environmental performance in Jordanian health service organization. The research hypotheses are tested by means of a questionnaire survey carried out among health service organizations in Jordan between April and May 2018. Our design choice to focus on a single sector was because of our intention to diminish the confounding effects of non- controllable factors in our research study, such as legislative, culture, and economical contexts. The results show a moderate implementation of Green HRM in Jordanian hospitals, the strongest correlation was with recruitment and selection while the weakest correlation was with training and development. Statistical positive association also was indicated between the three HRM practices and environmental performance.

The utilization of Business Intelligence (BI) to yield financial management among manufactures has been one of the main advantages of managing businesses through strategized financial performance. The BI can be conceptualized as a decision-making process, which is an emerging topic within technology management and financial decision making. Furthermore, such factors influencing the adoption of this type of strategized decision-making process are under extensive investigation. The main objective of this research is to develop a BI framework to provide a data analytics and action plan to help Malaysian Halal Food Manufacturing Industry (MHFMI) strategize financial performance. The specific objective of the study is to assess and validate the relationship between the adoption of BI and MHFMI. The methodology of the study starts with the theory adoption of BI parameters and methods, followed by the development of the adopted and adapted theoretical models using the conceptual framework developed and MHFMI involvement into the strategic financial performance management. The managers of the MHFMI is requested to provide the necessary information about their companies, perception of BI and financial performances. Reliability analysis is used to validate the constructs and test measurements in variance. The study applies regression analysis to determine the effects of different decision making strategies on BI. The research output indicates that the BI data analytics and the action plan as well as the conceptual framework could improve the financial performance by the adoption and the adaptation of the conceptualized strategy among MHFMI. This study is believed to be the first in Jordan that shed light on how human resource functions could provide environmental performance in health service organizations particularly in hospitals. It supports the literature of Green HRM and environment protection which is not well developed in developing countries like Jordan.

The recent paradigm shift from recruitment of international students to retention of students encouraged radical changes on the consumption of educational services from university serving the students for creation of mutually beneficial relationship between the students and the university. The impact of globalization hit the economy in two paradoxes; first, consumers have more choices but less satisfaction; second, service providers have more strategic options, which yield less value. Against this background, this study proposed and validated destination loyalty model to arrest the increasing students’ attrition at study location. The declining state funding of higher education challenged the management of education sector to design sustainable competitive advantage strategy not only to attract but also to retain students at their study destination. A total of 498 data was solicited from international students at Malaysian public universities, partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the reliability and validity of items and constructs. The results show that relationship marketing dynamism of service quality, students’ satisfaction, perceive image, perceived value and personal reasons were stable for international student loyalty to study destination. A new model called 2S2P was developed for emerging education destinations. Theoretical and practical implications as well as directions for future studies were documented in the paper.

te results in a disruption of operations in the head office, in forms of delays in the provision of data reporting, which causes a disruption in flow of information. This research covers such aspects as colleagues' relationships, work environment, salary level, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment. The primary objective of this paper is to identify different aspects of employee turnover intention. Partial Least Square Method (PLS) is applied to determine the important factors of employee turnover intention. The result shows that job satisfaction and organizational commitment maintained an adverse and significant effect on turnover intention while salary levels had an adverse but not significant effect on turnover intention. Coworkers and workplace relationships also had an adverse and significant effect but had no direct effect on turnover intention.

Women-Empowerment is one of the most crucial challenge in Pakistan. Pakistani women are con-tributing only 25-30% in nation’s economy which is quite low as compared with other developed as well as developing countries such as United Kingdom (UK), United States of America (USA), Ma-laysia, China, Indonesia and India. To address this problem, the primary objective of this study was to examine the role of microfinance institutions in women-empowerment. Moreover, moderating role of vulnerability was also examined. Quantitative research approach and cross-sectional research design were adopted. Data were collected from the female clients of microfinance institutes in Southern Punjab, Pakistan. Survey was conducted to collect the data and questionnaires were dis-tributed by using area cluster sampling. SmartPLS (SEM) was used to analyze the data. It was found that non-financial services of microfinance institutes such as training/skill development pro-grams and social capital development had positive contributions towards women-empowerment. Moreover, vulnerability moderated the relationship between social capital and women empowerment. Thus, this study contributed in the body of literature by investigating vulnerability as moderating variable. Hence, this study is beneficial for microfinance institutes to enhance women-empowerment through training/skill development and social capital development.


This article has been retracted.

Six Sigma approach is based on decreasing defects and variations in the products and processes, and it provides important benefits to healthcare organizations. This study aims to identify managers’ opinions, who work in private healthcare organizations, about the reasons behind not using Six Sigma in their organizations. The research was performed between December 2016 and March 2018 in private healthcare organizations (private hospitals and medical centers) operating in Turkey and not using Six Sigma approach. Data were collected from managers, who have knowledge about Six Sigma, through using surveys. In this study, survey methodology was used to collect data. According to the results, the biggest barrier related to not using Six Sigma is based on the lack of knowledge about Six Sigma. The other important barrier about the diffusion of Six Sigma within this organizations is related to the lack of support from top management and leaders. Another finding about the reasons of not applying Six Sigma approach is that there is not a statistically significant difference among managers in terms of their managerial position. In order to overcome the lack of knowledge about Six Sigma, it is advised that managers should take steps in the direction of promoting Six Sigma within their current organization, and provide necessary support and leadership about the process.

Rapid economic changes and globalization have triggered urgent response from firms to devise ef-fective strategies in improving performance and ensuring long-term survival. This study examined the influence of environmental strategy and competitive advantage on business performance. Subsequently, it determined the different effects of environmental strategy and competitive advantage on business performance. This cross-sectional study involved a total of 222 hotel managers as respondents. Data in the study was obtained via self-administered questionnaires. Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis was used to test the hypotheses of study. Findings of this study revealed the significant and positive effects of environmental strategy and competitive advantage on business performance. Competitive advantage has been found to contribute towards a higher variance on business performance than environmental strategy. Results obtained have proven the robustness of the theory applied in this study to explain the business performance of the tourism industry in the context of a developing country. The results close the gaps in previous research findings that will add to the current body of knowledge.

n this era of industrialization, it is very difficult for firms to develop and sustain the competitive advantage. Industrial competition spread so rapidly worldwide, which neglect the differentiation of products and it is very difficult to sustain the competitive advantage in the market. Large economies capture the maximum world market and give tough time to small economies such as Iraq. Thus, the primary aim of the current study is to present a comprehensive theoretical framework for competitive advantage, which leads to better firm performance. Many studies have highlighted the area of competitive advantage of the firms, however, in a rare instance, literature has reported limited discussion on sustainable competitive advantage, especially in the context of Iraq. This research gap formulated four hypotheses, which are proposed the relationship between empowerment strategy, organizational learning and competitive advantage. The pick and drop method was adopted to distribute the questionnaires among four hundred manufacturing firms of Iraq. The results of the current study found a positive and significant relationship between empowerment, organizational learning and competitive advantage. Furthermore, the current study found a significant relationship be-tween empowerment strategy and organizational learning. Moreover, organizational learning was found the main contributory factor between empowerment strategy and competitive advantage in Iraq industrial context. This work contributes to the consistency of knowledge by developing a comprehensive theoretical account to build and sustain the competitive advantage of Iraq industry. Hence, the current work is helpful for sustainable competitive advantage of companies to achieve the highest firm performance.

The field of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has been growing very exponentially over the past decade. There are continuous opposing views of the role of the firms in society and disagree-ments as to whether wealth maximization should be the sole goal of any corporations out there. With Insurance companies facing and fulfilling in the intense demand of diverse stakeholders, this study explores the impact of CSR disclosures on Financial Performance among the listed domestic-owned companies in Malaysian insurance sector. Although CSR is a hot topic in Malaysia and throughout various industries, no detailed study has been conducted to ascertain whether Malaysian insurance companies derive any benefits therefrom. The study examines the impact of CSR on financial performance using an extensive content analysis method on annual reports from 13 domestic-owned Malaysian insurance companies over the past 9 years (2008-2017). The content analysis data is further transformed into GRI CSR Disclosure Index table before matching the findings against the Financial Performance indicators (return on assets (ROA), return on equities (ROE) and earnings per share (EPS)). The relationship between CSR and ROA, ROE and EPS is tested using correlation analysis. The results indicate significant relationship between CSR disclosure and Financial Performance; designates CSR has significant impact on ROA; whereas relationship between CSR and ROE & EPS is found to be insignificant. The study suggests and indicates that insurance companies in Malaysia ought to carry out efforts continually in a bigger scale so that their CSR activities are more aligned with the reporting regulatory standards as well as to bring a positive impact in the current prospect. In addition, the remedial action proposed by Bursa Malaysia from year 2016 is expected to improve the findings of this study and bring a tremendous improvement to the exiting regulatory guidelines.

Many financial crisis are related to public corporations, which are increasing. Many investors and creditors are having trouble predicting a financial crisis, especially when managing profits. Recent studies identify the factors associated with earnings management to determine the relationship between the factors and manipulated profits. In order to reduce the risk of financial crises and to help investors avoid large losses in the stock market, it is necessary to develop a model for predicting profit management. In addition, for traditional auditing technologies, it is also difficult to limit the time, human resources, costs, and the impact of abnormal behaviors on complex and large financial information. Therefore, developing a prediction model for managing profits for auditors is useful in identifying the degree of manipulation in financial statements. This paper examines the effect of corporate financial distress on unpredicted net earnings and corporate profits on accepted companies in Tehran Stock Exchange over the period 2010-2015. The models used to test the hypotheses of the research are linear regression using panel data. The results show that the coefficients of the financial distress, institutional ownership, annual sales growth, company loss, company size, the company's market share and firm fixed costs are statistically meaningful. In other words, these independent variables influence on unforeseeable profit and earnings management.