Open innovation has become one of the hottest topics in innovation management. In this study, after reviewing the relevant literature, a conceptual framework is designed. This framework has been tested and proved in a field study in the Iranian power industry. Gathered data has been processed by Exploratory Factor Analysis in SPSS software. The results of this research shows that Iranian electricity generating companies use four approaches including Selling out and Leakage of technology, Acquisition of Technology, Acquisition of Firms and Projects, and Spin offs and Divestment, in their open innovation processes respectively.

Universities and institutions of higher education with a professional, special, educational and cultural environment play important roles in the direction towards the effective management of knowledge and space provision for the sharing of knowledge. Faculty members are known as the main elements of the university and they are the mental and intellectual investment banks who share their knowledge under certain conditions. In addition, their knowledge sharing behaviors lead to the success and improvement of individual and organizational operations. Moreover, organizational intelligence is the capacity of the organization to create knowledge and to use it in a strategic way to coordinate and to conform itself to its surroundings. This study examines the impact of organizational intelligence on faculty members' knowledge sharing behaviors. Data collection for qualitative research includes interviews with experts and quantitative research is performed using a questionnaire. The research results show that there was a significant relationship between organizational intelligence and faculty members' knowledge sharing behaviors. Among these dimensions, “knowledge application” influenced other dimensions. On the other hand, “common outcome” had a significant relationship with the “behavioral” dimension and “special and professional activities”.

The present study investigates the effectiveness of resilience training on life satisfaction among the mothers with mentally retarded children. The method is semi experimental using pretest posttest with control group. Statistical population of research includes elementary mentally retarded student who were enrolled in Najafabad Sareban exceptional school over the period 2012-2013 educational year. Sample group includes 50 subjects who randomly replaced in control and experimental groups. Experimental group members participated in a 10-session resilience training. Finally, both groups completed post-tests where research scales were Diener life satisfaction questionnaire. The data are analyzed by co-variance analysis test. Results are significant and indicates that resilience training is effective on life satisfaction (p & LT; 0.05).

This paper presents an empirical investigation to find the relationship between English proficiency and information literacy among some selected students from Islamic Azad University in city of Semnan, Iran. The proposed study uses regression analysis as well as Pearson correlation ratio to investigate the relationship between these two variables where information literacy is the dependent variable and English proficiency is an independent variable. The survey designed a questionnaire in four different categories and they were distributed among 364 participants out of 7200 people. Cronbach alpha has been calculated as 0.7125, which validates the overall survey. The result of our study indicates that there was a strong correlation between these two variables (r=0.88 Sig. = 0.01), which means as student get more familiar with English language they will have better general information.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the relative importance of strategic thinking dimensions in prediction of counter-productive behavior. The research method is based on a descriptive- Survey research. After collecting the questionnaires from 73 top managers and 110 staffs, the correlations between strategic thinking dimensions and counterproductive behavior were calculated. The relative importance method was used to calculate the relative weight of each dimension of strategic thinking in prediction of counterproductive behaviors. The results show that the strategic thinking of top managers is associated with their counterproductive behavior (correlation coefficient -0.38). Furthermore, The results of the Relative Importance Method indicate that the relative importance of each dimension of strategic thinking in prediction of counterproductive behavior is not the same. System perspective with 31.1% has the highest importance and hypothesis driven with 11.7% has the lowest weight. Intent focus, thinking in time and intelligent opportunism predict 14.1%, 13.3%, and 29.8% of counter-productive changes, respectively.

The purpose of this study is to develop a model to depict favorite organizational culture. The research population consists of all Mapna’s executive managers and the research sample includes 19 managers. In order to depict favorite organizational culture, in the first step, three approaches are applied and then the results of these three approaches are compared. In the first approach, Cameron and Quinn (1999) framework [Cameron, K. S., & Quinn, R. E. (2011). Diagnosing and changing organizational culture: Based on the competing values framework. John Wiley & Sons] and success indexes are used to determine favorite organizational culture. In the second approach, benchmarking technique is applied by implementing the Denison organizational culture database. In the third approach, based on competitive value framework (CVF), a questionnaire is developed and distributed among managers and the result is applied to depict favorite organizational culture. In order to analyze data, descriptive statistics are applied and the results indicate that all of these three approaches maintain the same results. Regarding to these approaches, one or all of these approaches are applicable for depicting favorite culture. Finally, the rate of gap between status quo and favorite organizational culture can be assessed and we can develop and implement plans for improving organizational culture.

During the past few years, e-business has revolutionized insurance industry and it has become as one of the most important techniques to reach global market. This paper presents an empirical investigation to find important factors influencing on time delivery to customers. The proposed study of this paper designs a questionnaire consists of 28 items in Likert scale, which was reduced to 24 and using principle component analysis, the study finds different important factors. Cronbach alpha is calculated as 0.94. In addition, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy and Approx. Chi-Square are 0.882 and 2462, respectively. The study determines four important factors including dynamic organization, environment opportunities, flexible structure and customer relationship management.

This paper presents an empirical investigation to study the relationship between future profitability and abnormal accruals on selected firms from Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). The study selects 223 firms from TSE market over the period 2007-2011. Using the regression analysis, the study shows there was no meaningful relationship between abnormal earnings and future profitability when the level of significance is five percent. There are also seven sub-hypotheses associated with the proposed study of this paper. The results indicate that while there were no meaningful relationship between firm size, capital expenditure, earnings quality and earning forecasted error on one side and future earnings, the study confirms a significance relationship between ratio of book value to equity as well as market leverage and future earnings.

This research aims to evaluate the quality of the in-service trainings for the employees of Islamic Azad University (Buin-Zahra Branch) using CIPP model in 2013. Statistical population of the research includes all employees who participated in in-service trainings from 2003 to 2012. Cronbach & apos; s alpha was used as one of the methods for evaluating the reliability in this research, and the reliability coefficient in case of the mentioned questionnaire was obtained as 0.80. Moreover, the study used structural equation modeling in order to assess the reliability of the questionnaire, while this method confirmed its reliability. Besides, content validity and construct validity methods have been used to examine the validity of the questionnaire, and the results confirmed the validity of the mentioned questionnaire. Then, the obtained data of the questionnaire were analyzed using SPSS, Smart PLS and LISREL software packages in two categories of descriptive and inferential section. The results of the analysis show that the dimensions of context, input, process, and product are at a desirable level for the in-service trainings of employees in Islamic Azad University (Buin-Zahra Branch). Additionally, the findings show that there was a significant relationship between the different dimensions of the quality evaluation of the in-service trainings of the employees of Islamic Azad University, Buin-Zahra Branch.

Clinical Governance (CG) generally aims to enhance the quality of clinical services, increases the accountability of those who are responsible for health affairs. This study examines the quality of presenting medical services in Dr. Shariati hospital in Tehran after executing the CG project. To attain the aforesaid goal, this research also surveys the implementation rate of CG in Dr. Shariati hospital based on the CG seven-pillar model. The study is a descriptive and cross-sectional research fulfilled in summer 2013. Statistical population contains the employees of Dr. Shariati hospital in Tehran and the research sample includes 80 people of the mentioned population who were selected, randomly. Data was gathered through a questionnaire and the experts confirmed its validity and the reliability was approved via Cronbach & apos; s alpha of 0.947 and then, the analysis was carried out by the SPSS software and T-test. The findings for each CG pillar in Dr. Shariati hospital have placed less than the medium amount and they are not in desirable level. The CG at the above-mentioned hospital places in a medium rank so that the efforts by the managers will create successful changes at the hospital; meanwhile, the managers will be able to utilize the CG method in systematic prediction of changeable priorities to present the best strategies for achievable performance of managerial techniques and processes.