Asset Liability Management (ALM) can be overseen using financial ratios derived from financial statements. These statements provide a comprehensive picture of a company's status and necessitate analysis to evaluate performance. This research aims to analyze financial ratios to describe the financial condition, measure business development over time, and evaluate the achievement of the company's objectives. An optimization analysis of financial ratios is performed using the Weighted Goal Programming (WGP) model, which addresses multiple objectives by applying weights based on their priorities. The Best-Worst Method (BWM) was used to determine the priority weights of deviation variables from each financial ratio target. Financial ratios were selected based on their impact on profit using factor analysis. The constructed WGP model aims to minimize deviations in Return on Assets, Operating Ratios, Operating Income Ratio, Total Assets Turnover, and Current Ratio. Computational calculations to solve the WGP model are performed using Python, with pseudocode provided. A case study on a company in the garment and textile sector was conducted and found that the Operating Ratio, Return on Assets, Operating Income Ratio, and Current Ratio still need improvement by developing strategies to achieve the targets. Sensitivity analysis was also employed to assess the resilience of the model in response to alterations in data.

This research aims to show how decision sciences can make a significant contribution on handling the supply chain problem during Covid-19 Pandemic. The paper discusses how robust optimization handles uncertain demand in agricultural processed products supply chain problems within two scenarios during the pandemic situation, i.e., the large-scale social distancing and partial social distancing. The study assumes that demand and production capacity are uncertain during a pandemic situation. Robust counterpart methodology is employed to obtain the robust optimal solution. To this end, the uncertain data is assumed to lie within a polyhedral uncertainty set. The result shows that the robust counterpart model is a computationally tractable through linear programming problem. Numerical experiment is presented for the Bandung area with a case on sugar and cooking oil that is the most influential agricultural processed products besides the main staple food of the Indonesian people, rice.

Digitization technology has developed in the preservation of cultural heritage, especially ancient manuscripts. In this context, image retrieval methods allow for efficient access to the information contained in ancient manuscripts. Optimization techniques play a role in building an effective image retrieval method. This paper presents a systematic literature review that focuses on the role of optimization in digital image retrieval methods for preserving ancient manuscripts as part of cultural heritage preservation. This paper is organized based on the following research questions: (1) What are the research objectives regarding optimization in digital image retrieval of ancient manuscripts?; (2) What is the role of optimization in image retrieval methods for the preservation of ancient manuscripts?; and (3) How have existing studies determined the formulation of novel and new research? This study involved searching articles through Scopus, Dimensions, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases and using bibliometric analysis to visualize research themes and trends. The results of the literature review show that research related to the role of optimization in the digital image retrieval method of ancient manuscripts is still open and this paper can be used as a reference for further research on this topic.

Nonhomogeneous Continuous-Time Markov Chain (NH-CTMC) is a stochastic process that can be used to model problems where the future state depends only on the current state and is independent of the past. The transition intensity in NH-CTMC is not constant but is a function of time. In this paper, NH-CTMC is employed to model information dissemination on Twitter, where transitions occur only from followee groups to follower groups. Information is considered spread on Twitter when followers retweet posts from their followees. The tweet-retweet process on Twitter satisfies the Markov property, as a retweet from a follower depends only on the tweet posted just before by the corresponding followee. The probability of a tweet spreading is determined by the transition intensity, assumed to be a Sigmoid function whose parameters are estimated using Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE). This method is applied to Twitter data from Indonesia related to discussions on Covid-19 vaccination. The results indicate that information about Covid-19 vaccination on Twitter spreads rapidly from followees to followers in the first 20 hours, and then slows down after 40 hours. The NH-CTMC model outperforms the Homogeneous Continuous-Time Markov Chain (H-CTMC) approach, where the transition intensity (tweet spreading intensity) is assumed to be constant.

In this paper, a homogeneous continuous time Markov chain (CTMC) is used to model information diffusion or dissemination, also to determine influencers on Twitter dynamically. The tweeting process can be modeled with a homogeneous CTMC since the properties of Markov chains are fulfilled. In this case, the tweets that are received by followers only depend on the tweets from the previous followers. Knowledge Discovery in Database (KDD) in Data Mining is used to be research methodology including pre-processing, data mining process using homogeneous CTMC, and post-processing to get the influencers using visualization that predicts the number of affected users. We assume the number of affected users follows a logarithmic function. Our study examines the Indonesian Twitter data users with tweets about covid19 vaccination resulted in dynamic influencer rankings over time. From these results, it can also be seen that the users with the highest number of followers are not necessarily the top influencer.

Internet Shopping Optimization Problem (ISOP) is the application of optimization to online shopping activities of all complexity. The ISOP is useful for consumers in minimizing the cost of purchasing goods. This paper presents a bibliometric analysis of peer-reviewed papers based on ISOP topics by utilizing the R application program in the mapping. Overall, 101 papers (233 authors) in the Scopus database have used ISOP topics with research growth of 11.61% annually. The researcher presents a network of citations from productive authors, the impact of research, trends in terms that have been used, and shows a collaborative network of citations. Finally, the researcher presents the thematic analysis of the papers that apply the ISOP as a research topic and shows how the research forms clusters based on analytical solutions and numerical simulations that generate suggestions in finding the latest topics in the ISOP study. Another target for this paper is to produce review analysis results through Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA). Through bibliometric and PRISMA analysis, it was found that the latest method in completing ISOP optimization is the ARC method. The ARC method in the ISOP is still little published among researchers in the world.